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Secrets and lies: spies of the Stuart era played a dangerous game in the shadows of an unstable Europe

By Joey Crozier, PhD Candidate, Secrecy, Propaganda and Intelligence Gathering, Aberystwyth University
Stuart monarchs were repeatedly challenged by dangerous threats – a gunpowder plot, a civil war and political revolution. As a result, by the restoration of Charles II in 1660, the English government had come to rely on a shadowy trade of secretsThe Conversation


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